In physics and chemistry, a quantum is a discrete packet of energy or matter. The term quantum also means the minimum value of a physical property involved in an interaction. The plural of quantum is quanta.
A simple example of quanta is the generation of light in LEDs which involves the release of energy in discrete packets, or quanta, known as photons.
Quantum Concepts in Everyday Technology
- A photon is a single quantum of light.
- Light and other electromagnetic energy are absorbed or emitted in quanta or packets.
- When an electric current is applied to a semiconductor material, it excites electrons within the material to higher energy levels.
- When these electrons return to their lower energy states, they release energy in the form of photons, producing light.
- The energy of each photon is quantized, meaning it comes in discrete packets.
- This process allows for the efficient production of light.
- It is a practical application of quantum concepts in everyday technology, such as lighting in electronic devices, indicator lights, and energy-efficient light bulbs.
